Active probing of the mechanical properties of biological and synthetic vesicles

The interest in mechanics of synthetic and biological vesicles has been continuously growing during the last decades. Liposomes serve as model systems for investigating fundamental membrane processes properties. More recently, extracellular (EVs) have investigated mechanically well. EVs are widely studied applied sciences, but their material properties remained elusive until recently. Elucidating mechanical is essential to unveil mechanisms behind a variety processes, e.g. budding, vesiculation cellular uptake mechanisms. importance mechanobiology studies membranes discussed, well different available techniques probe In particular, obtained by nanoindentation, micropipette aspiration, optical tweezers, electrodeformation electroporation experiments addressed. liposomes possess an astonishing rich, diverse behavior. To better understand properties, optimization applications nanotechnology, improved understanding needed. Depending on size specific scientific question, can be chosen characterization. Understanding necessary gain deeper insight involved vesicle generation uptake. This furthermore facilitates technological such using targeted drug delivery vehicles. Liposome provide into whereas role functioning biology medicine increasingly elucidated.